Recommendations for the standardisation of oxytocin nasal administration and guidelines for its reporting in human research Psychoneuroendocrinology, Available online 20 December 2012.

Excerpt: We have highlighted here how nasal anatomy, environment, formula, devices and administration methods all have important significant potential to also alter response to nasal delivery of OT. Difficulties in standardising administration protocols and dose-response have the potential to cause substantial impact on outcome and must be considered alongside dose selection, experimental design, individual variables, and contextual factors. Improved capacity to control delivery factors will also facilitate the study of these other experimental variables, by controlling for a potential source of significant uncontrolled variance within these investigations. In recognition of this, we highlight a need to standardise and report the administration methods used by researchers to deliver nasal sprays to humans.